A case report on Ceftriaxone induced Hypersensitivity Reactions (Urticaria)

Ceftriaxone is a third generation cephalosporin group of broad spectrum anti-biotic. It active against the gram positive and gram negative organisms. Which is commonly used antibiotic in patients with various infections like respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, enteric fever and meningitis. Hypersensitive reactions subsequent ceftriaxone therapy is unusual but is potentially life-threatening. It is rapidly occurring reactions, hence called immediate hypersensitivity reactions. Whenever the patient exposure to certain drugs (penicillin, cephalosporin's and aspirin ) production of IgE antibodies – fix to mast cells then again re-exposure to the same drug antigenantibody reaction occurs on the mast cell surface then release of inflammatory mediators like histamine, 5-HT, PGs, LTs, PAF these mediators cause the hypotension, bronchospasm, angioedema, urticarial, rhinitis and anaphylactic shock. The management of hypersensitivity reactions which include inj.Adrenalin 0.3 to 0.5ml, intramuscularly, inj.Hydrocortisone 100 to200 mg, intravenously, inj. Pheniramine 45 mg intravenously. Here we report a 28 years female who presented with the hypersensitivity reactions with ceftriaxone therapy.